Improvement in pumps



i. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAMv w. vIRDIN,-or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS.A

,To all whom it may concern,.-

- Be it known that I, WILLIAM W.VIRDIN,of Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented a new and Improved Pump and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyin g drawings, making' a part of this speci- -cation., in- Whichl The object-ofthisvinventon is to..obtainlra.A

forcingrpump which is suitably adapted to the raising of water, pumping air, oil, &c., a pump which will answer all the requirements of such a machine, and which will be compact, simple, and not liable to get out of order.-

The nature of my invention consistsin a single-barrel77 force-pump, constructed in such a manner as to furnish an uninterrupted stream of water, using for this purpose only a reciproca-ting valve-cylinder in conjunctionl with a stationary valve-pipe, both being arranged within the single barrel or casin g of the pump, and operatin g as will be hereinafter' described.`

. To enable others skilled in the art tofunderstand my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A represents the cylindrical barrel of the pump, which @is smoothly bored out and cast with an enlarged flange, a, on its upper end, and a reduced cylindrical neck, a', on'its lower end, towhich latter a pipe may be connected leading to a reservoir. Within this barrel A, and at itslower end, isavalve'seat, c, adapted to receive the conical valve c', which opens upward'andadmits waterinto the pump-barrel.

y B represents a cylinder which is furnished at'its lower end .with a valve, d, opening upward'for admittingwater from the pump-barrel Av into ,the cylinder '.lhis cylinder B is not as long asthepur'np-barrel, and it terminates'at its upper endln t'wo parallel arms, C C, which project some distance through the'pum'p head or capD, and are connected together at their upper ends by a cross-head, Cl; Cylinder B is fitted tightly, but 4allowed to Work freely Within the pump-barrel, forming Within this barrel a reduced chamber for receivingall the Water whichlis drawn into the pump below it, as will be `hereinafter described.

Within the 'movable piston-cylinder B afuother cylinder, E, still smaller thanthe pumpbarrel, is arranged, which is also furnished with a valve,'e, in its lower end, opening upward. This latter cylinder or pipe E is snugly fitted Within the bore of the movable cylinder, and, not being as long 'as the'pumpbarrelA, a space is left betweenthe lower end of this pipe and the lower end of the-pump-barrel, which space determines the length ot' stroke of the cylinder B, and this may be greater or less, according-to circumstances. The upper vGU, and again at one end to the'upper end-of the vibratiugarm J. This 4is one means for giving a vertical or rather a rectilinear movement to the cylinder B; but I do not contine myself to this plan, as any other may be used which is found most convenient. f l

The operation of my invention is as follows When' the cylinder B is raised or m'akes its upward stroke, the valved is closed, and water rushes through the valveopening in the bottom of the' pump-'barrel and fills the large chamber leftbelow the cylinder B. Then on the downstro'ke of this cylinder B thevalve y c will be closed' and valves 'd and e will be allowed to open. rllhe water is now forced from the chamberof greatest diameter into the contracted chamber of the cylinder B, which being too small to contain all of it, the surplus water escapes through the valve e into the eductioiv` pipe E. lhe succeedingupstroke 'of the'cyll vInder Bdraws water into the cylinder ofgreat lest diameter '.again, and at ythe same 'tiine y irces all-the water which it contains into ,the

cylinder E, of least diameter. This fills the eduction-pipe E, and the next downstroke of the cylinder B forces the Water contained in the pump-barrel into its ov'vn chamber and also into the pipe E again, so that I obtain a constant and uninterrupted dow of water from the @duction-pipe, by virtue ot1 the gradually reduced chambers into which the Water is conrinually heilig forced by the reciprocating or double-acting valvular cylinder B. lvly pump is thus provided with three containing-chambers, L L L2,as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 5, th e chamber L being represented in the figures as about double the capacity of the chamber L', andthe chamber' L about doubl'e the capacity lot' the chamber L2, so that by the rcciprocating movement of 'the cylinder B, as above described, the iiuid to be pumped will be constantly moved forward with an equable or nearly equable flow, whether the stroke ofthe cylinder B be up or down. The Vilves may be ground 'to their seats,orspring packing may be used to make them tit thereto with precision, and my pump is equally Well adapted to pump liquids, such as water, oil, and the like, or'air and gas. I/would here state, however, that I do not mean to confine myselt" to the relative capacities l of the containing-chambers L L L2,.above set'forth, as

vvsuch capacities may be varied in a greater or less degree and still produce an eqnable flow of the liquid being pumped, and especiallyv will this regular or equal tiow be secured when an air chamber is applied in any of the ordinary practical modes to theupperpart ot' the Pump-f In practice it will be i'ound necessary to pack the cylinders B and E, especially so when the ,machinev is used for pumping air. I have tight joint, or any other more suitable paek ing can be used. I

lIt is important that the outer cylinder, A, in

my pump should be stationary, and, that thc A upper ends. Said rods are passed through the` plate G and also through the iiange or cap D, which-connects the discharge-cylinder to this Vbracket or plate (i. Thus it will be seen that the pump with three valved cylinders can bc perfectly' operated by moving only one cyiinder, and this one being the double-acting in termediate cylinder, B.

Having thus described myinveution, what v'I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let-ters l. The intermediate moving val ved chamber, l "QB, constructed, arranged, and'operating substantially as described, in combination with. the stationary valved chamber E, and. the yalved receiving outer stationary chamber, A., all adapted to the end stated, and substantially as specified.

2. The outer stationary vaived cylinder, A, stationary, innermost, dischargingcylindcrE, in combination with the intermediate valved cylinder, B, and connecting arms U (l, the iatter passing directly through the central plate, G, and cap-plate D, the Whole constrnctedjand operating substantially as described.

3. lhe manner of securing the three valved cylinders A and E together at their upper ends-wiz., by means ot' the flanges a fand plate G substantially as described.

XV. lV. VIRDIN.

vVitnessesr .JOHN B. Riu', l ALLEN E. Founns'rnn. 

